08 Sep 2015 African Ceremonial Masks

African masks are considered one of the most beautiful handicrafts in the world of art and craft. But in Africa the existence of mask is not only about art and craft. Of course art and craft is a part of it but African masks has a rich history as well.

In Sub-Saharan Africa, from the traditional times, the usage of masks was ritualistic and ceremonial and carries varied meanings. Though their specific implications widely vary in different cultures, some traits are common to most African cultures. For example, masks usually have a spiritual and religious meaning and they are used in ritual dances and social and religious events and a special status is attributed to the artists that create masks and to those that wear them in ceremonies.

Benin Ceremonial Mask

African masks are usually shaped after a human face or some animal or a combination of both and the final rendering goes along with some sort of abstract concept added into it. Animals are common subjects in African masks. Animal masks actually represent the spirit of animals, so that the mask wearer becomes a medium to speak to animals themselves. Another common subject of African masks is a woman’s face, usually based on a specific culture’s ideal of feminine beauty. Even the dead are also a common subject for masks. Masks referring to dead ancestors are most often shaped after a human skull. It is generally believed that the individual who wears the mask transforms into the spirit of the type– human, animal or ancestors. This transformation usually takes place during some type of ritual. This can allow for communication between humans and spirits.

The mask making skill and knowledge of the spiritual meanings held by masks are passed down from father to son. Masks are usually made out of wood. Other materials that are used include metals like bronze and copper, light stone, fabric and pottery. Often masks are painted and decorated with bead works. Craft Montaz houses some of the most beautiful masks across the African continent. Check out the variety and enrich your knowledge about this beautiful craft.

Pushpita is a freelance writer on world handicrafts and lifestyle. Pushpita holds a Masters in English literature and is a rich media professional.